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【Java基础】序列化与反序列化深入分析
阅读量:5927 次
发布时间:2019-06-19

本文共 27437 字,大约阅读时间需要 91 分钟。

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一、前言

  复习Java基础知识点的序列化与反序列化过程,整理了如下学习笔记。

二、为什么需要序列化与反序列化

  程序运行时,只要需要,对象可以一直存在,并且我们可以随时访问对象的一些状态信息,如果程序终止,那么对象是肯定不会存在的,但是有时候,我们需要在程序终止时保存对象的状态信息,之后程序再次运行时可以重新恢复到之前的状态,如,玩家玩游戏退出时,需要保存玩家的状态信息(如等级、装备等等),之后玩家再此登入时,必须要恢复这些状态信息。我们可以通过数据库手段来达到这个保存状态的目的,在Java中,我们有更简便的方法进行处理,那就是序列化与反序列化。序列化是一种对象持久化的手段,反序列化与序列化相反,其是通过序列化后的信息重新组装成对象。序列化与反序列化普遍应用在网络传输、RMI等场景中。

三、序列化概述

  3.1 序列化类结构图

  下面展示了与序列化相关的类的结构图

  说明:虚线框的表示接口类型,实线框表示具体的类。

  3.2 序列化关键字说明

  与序列化相关的关键字如下

  说明:

  1. 关键字transient,用来修饰字段,表示此字段在默认序列化过程中不会被处理,但是可以采用另外的手段进行处理。

  2. 关键字serialVersionUID,表示序列化版本号,当两个类的序列化ID一致时允许反序列化,默认可以采用编译器提供的值1L。

  3.3 序列化方法说明

  与序列化相关的方法如下

  说明:writeObject与readObject方法分别在ObjectOutput接口与ObjectInput接口中声明,在ObjectOutputStream与ObjectInputStream中实现。

四、Serializable

  4.1 Serializable定义

  Serializable定义如下  

public interface Serializable {}

  说明:Serializable为一个接口,并且没有任何字段和方法,仅仅作为一个标识。

  4.2 使用说明

  当序列化对象时,只需要将对象标记为可序列化,即实现接口Serializable即可。下面的Person类实现了Serializable接口。 

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.Serializable;public class Person implements Serializable {    /**     *      */    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String name;    private String gender;    private int age;    private transient Person friend;    public Person() {            }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getGender() {        return gender;    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        this.gender = gender;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }        public Person getFriend() {        return friend;    }        public void setFriend(Person friend) {        this.friend = friend;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age                + ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";    }}

  Person类的friend字段设置为transient,表明不会被序列化,定义完Person类之后,我们即可以对Person类进行序列化与反序列化操作了,具体代码如下 

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;public class SerializableDemo {    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        Person leesf = new Person();        Person dyd = new Person();        leesf.setAge(24);        leesf.setGender("man");        leesf.setName("leesf");                dyd.setAge(24);        dyd.setGender("woman");        dyd.setName("dyd");                    leesf.setFriend(dyd);        dyd.setFriend(null);                File file = new File("test");        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));        oos.writeObject(leesf);        oos.flush();        oos.close();        System.out.println(leesf);                    ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));        leesf = (Person) ois.readObject();        ois.close();            System.out.println(leesf);        }}

  运行结果如下  

name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [null]

  说明:由于friend字段标记为transient,则默认序列化操作时不会进行序列化,反序列化后其值为null。

  4.3 问题说明

  1. Person类不实现Serializable接口

  若Person类不实现Serializable接口,进行序列化时,会发生什么,会出现如下异常。 

Exception in thread "main" java.io.NotSerializableException:****

  表示Person没有实现Serializable接口,具体原因如下

  在调用writeObject方法后,会经过一系列的调用,具体的调用栈如下

  说明:截取了writeObject0函数中的一段代码,可以看到会检查该对象是否是Serializable类型,不是,则会抛出异常。

  2. 处理transient对象

  当字段被transient修饰时,采用默认的序列化机制将不会对其进行处理,但是,如果要序列化transient字段时,如何做呢,可以在要进行序列化的类中添加writeObject和readObject方法,其方法签名如下 

private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream) throws IOExceptionprivate void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException

  说明:注意,writeObject与readObject是采用private修饰符修饰的,说明,此方法只能在该类的其他方法中被调用,其他类中不能调用此方法,那么当调用ObjectOutputStream的writeObject方法时,如何调用到此方法来执行用户自定义处理逻辑的呢,答案是反射。利用反射可以在别的类中调用到此类中私有的方法,反射很强大。

  利用这个方法,我们修改Person类如下  

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;import java.io.Serializable;public class Person implements Serializable {    /**     *      */    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String name;    private String gender;    private int age;    private transient Person friend;    public Person() {            }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getGender() {        return gender;    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        this.gender = gender;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }        public Person getFriend() {        return friend;    }        public void setFriend(Person friend) {        this.friend = friend;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age                + ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";    }    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream)             throws IOException {        stream.defaultWriteObject();        stream.writeObject(friend);    }        private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream)             throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {        stream.defaultReadObject();        friend = (Person) stream.readObject();    }}

  测试类的代码不做修改,运行结果如下  

name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]

  说明:在实现自定义的逻辑时,在writeObject方法中可以调用defaultWriteObject()方法实现默认序列化(序列化非transient字段),可以单独处理transient关键字;在readObject方法中可以调用defaultReadObject()方法实现默认反序列化,可以单独处理transient关键字(需要赋值)。值得注意的是,writeObject方法中defaultWriteObject和处理transient关键字的逻辑必须与readObject中defaultReadObject和处理transient关键字的逻辑顺序一致,否则会抛出异常。

  在调用writeObject方法后,会经过一系列的调用,具体的调用栈如下

  说明:经过反射,最终会调用到在Person类中定义的writeObject方法。readObject方法的调用可以以此类比,不再累赘。

五、Externalizable

  除了使用Serializable接口进行序列化以外,还可以使用Externalizable接口来进行序列化。

  5.1 Externalizable定义

  Externalizable的定义如下  

public interface Externalizable extends java.io.Serializable {    void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException;    void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException;}

  说明:Externalizable实现了Serializable接口,并且添加了两个方法writeExternal与readExternal,需要序列化的类需要实现Externalizable接口,并且重写接口中定义的两个方法。

  5.2 使用说明

  首先将序列化的类实现Externalizable接口并且重写writeExternal与readExternal方法,并在这两个方法中实现处理逻辑。我们定义Person类如下

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.Externalizable;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.ObjectInput;import java.io.ObjectOutput;public class Person implements Externalizable {    /**     *      */    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String name;    private String gender;    private int age;    private transient Person friend;        public Person() {            }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getGender() {        return gender;    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        this.gender = gender;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }        public Person getFriend() {        return friend;    }        public void setFriend(Person friend) {        this.friend = friend;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age                + ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";    }    @Override    public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {        out.writeUTF(name);        out.writeUTF(gender);        out.writeInt(age);        out.writeObject(friend);    }    @Override    public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException,            ClassNotFoundException {        name = in.readUTF();        gender = in.readUTF();        age = in.readInt();        friend = (Person) in.readObject();            }    }

  说明:Person类实现了Externalizable接口,重写了writeExternal与readExternal方法,并且实现了用户自定义序列化与反序列化逻辑。测试类代码不变,运行结果如下: 

name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]

  说明:从结果可知,成功进行了序列化与反序列化过程。值得注意的是,我们必须要给Person类提供一个无参构造器,才能正确完成序列化与反序列化过程。否则会抛出如下异常

  修改Person类如下

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.Externalizable;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.ObjectInput;import java.io.ObjectOutput;public class Person implements Externalizable {    /**     *      */    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String name;    private String gender;    private int age;    private transient Person friend;        public Person(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getGender() {        return gender;    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        this.gender = gender;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }        public Person getFriend() {        return friend;    }        public void setFriend(Person friend) {        this.friend = friend;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age                + ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";    }    @Override    public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {        out.writeUTF(name);        out.writeUTF(gender);        out.writeInt(age);        out.writeObject(friend);    }    @Override    public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException,            ClassNotFoundException {        name = in.readUTF();        gender = in.readUTF();        age = in.readInt();        friend = (Person) in.readObject();            }    }

  说明:提供一个参数的构造函数,没有无参构造函数,修改测试类代码如下  

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;public class SerializableDemo {    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        Person leesf = new Person("leesf");        Person dyd = new Person("dyd");        leesf.setAge(24);        leesf.setGender("man");        leesf.setName("leesf");                dyd.setAge(24);        dyd.setGender("woman");        dyd.setName("dyd");                    leesf.setFriend(dyd);        dyd.setFriend(null);                File file = new File("test");        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));        oos.writeObject(leesf);        oos.flush();        oos.close();        System.out.println(leesf);                    ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));        leesf = (Person) ois.readObject();        ois.close();            System.out.println(leesf);        }}

  运行结果如下

name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]Exception in thread "main" java.io.InvalidClassException: com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person; no valid constructor    at java.io.ObjectStreamClass$ExceptionInfo.newInvalidClassException(ObjectStreamClass.java:150)    at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.checkDeserialize(ObjectStreamClass.java:768)    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1775)    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1351)    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:371)    at com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.SerializableDemo.main(SerializableDemo.java:32)

  说明:在反序列化的过程抛出了异常,可以看出是Person类没有合法的构造器,合法的构造器就是指无参构造器。当提供了无参构造器之后,就可以正确运行。

  5.3 问题说明

  1. Externalizable,writeObject与readObject方法

  如果Person类实现了Externalizable接口,并且在Person类中添加了writeObject与readObject方法,那么在进行序列化与反序列化时,是以哪种方法为准呢,修改Person类如下

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.Externalizable;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.ObjectInput;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutput;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;public class Person implements Externalizable {    /**     *      */    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String name;    private String gender;    private int age;    private transient Person friend;        public Person() {            }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getGender() {        return gender;    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        this.gender = gender;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }        public Person getFriend() {        return friend;    }        public void setFriend(Person friend) {        this.friend = friend;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age                + ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";    }    @Override    public void writeExternal(ObjectOutput out) throws IOException {        System.out.println("use writeExternal method");        out.writeUTF(name);        out.writeUTF(gender);        out.writeInt(age);        out.writeObject(friend);    }    @Override    public void readExternal(ObjectInput in) throws IOException,            ClassNotFoundException {        System.out.println("use readExternal method");        name = in.readUTF();        gender = in.readUTF();        age = in.readInt();        friend = (Person) in.readObject();            }            private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream stream)             throws IOException {        System.out.println("use writeObject method");        stream.defaultWriteObject();        stream.writeObject(friend);    }        private void readObject(ObjectInputStream stream)             throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {        System.out.println("use readObject method");        stream.defaultReadObject();        friend = (Person) stream.readObject();    }}

  说明:在方法中添加了打印语句,这样就可以轻易判别采用的何种方式。测试类代码如下  

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;public class SerializableDemo {    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        Person leesf = new Person();        Person dyd = new Person();        leesf.setAge(24);        leesf.setGender("man");        leesf.setName("leesf");                dyd.setAge(24);        dyd.setGender("woman");        dyd.setName("dyd");                    leesf.setFriend(dyd);        dyd.setFriend(null);                File file = new File("test");        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));        oos.writeObject(leesf);        oos.flush();        oos.close();        System.out.println(leesf);                    ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));        leesf = (Person) ois.readObject();        ois.close();            System.out.println(leesf);        }}

  运行结果

use writeExternal methoduse writeExternal methodname = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]use readExternal methoduse readExternal methodname = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]

  说明:从结果可以看出,是以Externalizable接口中定义的两个方法进行序列化与反序列化的,这时,读者可能又会有另外一个疑问,那就是为什么会打印两次呢?答案是因为该方法被调用了两次,因为Person类有一个Person域,会导致调用两次。

  2. 处理transient字段

  可以在writeExternal与readExternal方法中实现自定义逻辑,对transient字段进行序列化与反序列化。

六、序列化问题

  6.1 采用默认序列化机制,类的静态字段会被序列化吗?

  采用默认序列化机制进行序列化时,类的静态字段会被序列化吗,此时类的静态字段不会被序列化,当然,我们可以采用自定义序列化逻辑对静态变量进行序列化。

  6.2 父类序列化问题

  采用默认序列化机制序列化子类时,其父类的字段会被序列化吗?可以分为如下情形

  1. 父类没有实现Serializable接口,没有提供默认构造函数

  这时,反序列化会出错,提示没有提供正确的构造函数。修改Person类,代码如下

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.Serializable;class Human {    private int number;        public Human(int number) {        this.number = number;    }        public int getNumber() {        return number;    }        public void setNumber(int number) {        this.number = number;    }        public String toString() {        return "number = " + number;    }}public class Person extends Human implements Serializable {    /**     *      */    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String name;    private String gender;    private int age;    private transient Person friend;                    public Person(int number, String name) {        super(number);        this.name = name;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getGender() {        return gender;    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        this.gender = gender;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }        public Person getFriend() {        return friend;    }        public void setFriend(Person friend) {        this.friend = friend;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return super.toString() + ", name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age                + ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";    }    }

  测试类的的代码如下 

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;public class SerializableDemo {    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        Person leesf = new Person(1, "leesf");        Person dyd = new Person(2, "dyd");        leesf.setAge(24);        leesf.setGender("man");        leesf.setName("leesf");                dyd.setAge(24);        dyd.setGender("woman");        dyd.setName("dyd");                    leesf.setFriend(dyd);        dyd.setFriend(null);                File file = new File("test");        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(file));        oos.writeObject(leesf);        oos.flush();        oos.close();        System.out.println(leesf);                            ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));        leesf = (Person) ois.readObject();        ois.close();            System.out.println(leesf);        }}

  运行结果 

number = 1, name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [number = 2, name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]Exception in thread "main" java.io.InvalidClassException: com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person; no valid constructor    at java.io.ObjectStreamClass$ExceptionInfo.newInvalidClassException(ObjectStreamClass.java:150)    at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.checkDeserialize(ObjectStreamClass.java:768)    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:1775)    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1351)    at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:371)    at com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.SerializableDemo.main(SerializableDemo.java:32)

  说明:可以看出是没有提供合法的构造函数。

  2. 父类没有实现Serializable接口,提供默认构造函数

  第一步中出现了错误,此时,我们修改Person类,代码如下  

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.Serializable;class Human {    private int number;    public Human() {            }    public Human(int number) {        this.number = number;    }        public int getNumber() {        return number;    }        public void setNumber(int number) {        this.number = number;    }        public String toString() {        return "number = " + number;    }}public class Person extends Human implements Serializable {    /**     *      */    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String name;    private String gender;    private int age;    private transient Person friend;        public Person() {        super();    }        public Person(int number, String name) {        super(number);        this.name = name;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getGender() {        return gender;    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        this.gender = gender;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }        public Person getFriend() {        return friend;    }        public void setFriend(Person friend) {        this.friend = friend;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return super.toString() + ", name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age                + ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";    }    }

  说明:给Human类提供了无参构造函数。测试类代码不变,运行结果如下

number = 1, name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [number = 2, name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]number = 0, name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [null]

  说明:此时,我们可以看到,可以进行反序列化了,但是父类的number字段被赋值为int的默认值0,Person类的transient字段没有被序列化。

  3. 父类实现Serializable接口

  当父类实现Serializable接口时,修改Person类代码如下 

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.Serializable;class Human implements Serializable {    /**     *      */    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private int number;    public Human() {            }    public Human(int number) {        this.number = number;    }        public int getNumber() {        return number;    }        public void setNumber(int number) {        this.number = number;    }        public String toString() {        return "number = " + number;    }}public class Person extends Human implements Serializable {    /**     *      */    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String name;    private String gender;    private int age;    private transient Person friend;        public Person() {        super();    }        public Person(int number, String name) {        super(number);        this.name = name;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getGender() {        return gender;    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        this.gender = gender;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }        public Person getFriend() {        return friend;    }        public void setFriend(Person friend) {        this.friend = friend;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return super.toString() + ", name = " + name + ", gender = " + gender + ", age = " + age                + ", friend info is [" + friend + "]";    }    }

  测试类的代码不变,运行结果如下 

number = 1, name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [number = 2, name = dyd, gender = woman, age = 24, friend info is [null]]number = 1, name = leesf, gender = man, age = 24, friend info is [null]

  说明:从结果可知,已经可以进行正确的序列化与反序列化了,子类的transient字段没有被序列化。

  6.3 共享对象序列化问题  

  当序列化的两个对象都包含另外一个对象的引用时,在反序列化时,另外一个对象只会出现一次吗?修改Person类代码如下  

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.Serializable;public class Person implements Serializable {    /**     *      */    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;    private String name;    private String gender;    private int age;    private transient Person friend;        public Person() {            }        public Person(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getGender() {        return gender;    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        this.gender = gender;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }        public Person getFriend() {        return friend;    }        public void setFriend(Person friend) {        this.friend = friend;    }}

  测试类代码如下 

package com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable;import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;public class SerializableDemo {    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        Person leesf = new Person("leesf");            Person dyd = new Person("dyd");        Person lr = new Person("lr");        leesf.setAge(24);        leesf.setGender("man");                dyd.setAge(24);        dyd.setGender("woman");                lr.setAge(25);        lr.setGender("man");                leesf.setFriend(dyd);        lr.setFriend(dyd);        dyd.setFriend(null);                List
persons = new ArrayList
(); persons.add(leesf); persons.add(dyd); persons.add(lr); ByteArrayOutputStream bos1 = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); ByteArrayOutputStream bos2 = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); ObjectOutputStream oos1 = new ObjectOutputStream(bos1); oos1.writeObject(persons); oos1.writeObject(persons); ObjectOutputStream oos2 = new ObjectOutputStream(bos2); oos2.writeObject(persons); ByteArrayInputStream bis1 = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos1.toByteArray()); ByteArrayInputStream bis2 = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos2.toByteArray()); ObjectInputStream ois1 = new ObjectInputStream(bis1); ObjectInputStream ois2 = new ObjectInputStream(bis2); List
persons1 = (List
) ois1.readObject(); List
persons2 = (List
) ois1.readObject(); List
persons3 = (List
) ois2.readObject(); System.out.println(persons1); System.out.println(persons2); System.out.println(persons3); }}

  运行结果如下  

[com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@7f31245a, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@6d6f6e28, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@135fbaa4][com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@7f31245a, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@6d6f6e28, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@135fbaa4][com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@45ee12a7, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@330bedb4, com.hust.grid.leesf.serializable.Person@2503dbd3]

  说明:从结果可知,oos1执行的writeObject是向同一个内存空间写了两次,从结果可看出,两次写入的对象的地址空间都是一样的,即进行了浅拷贝。而oos2执行的writeObject是向另外一个内存空间写了一次,从结果可看出,因为对象的地址不同于之前的对象地址,即采用了深拷贝。

七、总结

  写到这里,关于Java中的序列化与反序列化机制就已经分析完了,经过此次分析,对序列化机制的认识更加深刻。学习一个知识点,就要认认真真,踏踏实实的弄懂一个知识点,写博客就是一个特别好的方式。谢谢各位园友的观看~

 

参考链接

http://blog.csdn.net/jiangwei0910410003/article/details/18989711/

http://www.hollischuang.com/archives/1140

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/2433960/blog/879092

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